Non-skidding device.



NON-SKIDDING DEVICE.

terasse.

Specification of Letters Patent. i appunti-nun ined February?, wie. serial no. meets.

llbatent ed @e t.

To alt' y'te/lonnit771,013/ concern.' i

lle it known that l, lVILLIs GRANT Moa nar, a' citizen of the 'United' States, residing in the city and' countyl of San llrancisco, ltate of California, have invented certain new and useful [niprovci'nents in Non-Skid ding Devices, ot' which the following is a specification,

This invention relates to rubbertired wheels equipped with auxiliary non-skid ding devices, and its object` is to render such devices etl'ective and durable under all conditions ont use. Y

' have observed that the tendency to side -slipping or skidding is initiated by a failure of circumferential or longitudinal traction between the wheels and the road surface, as evidenced, for example, by the 4Well-luiownA fact' that the Wheels of an automobile to which the motive and braking power is applied have a skid than the Wheels which are connected with the motor or eqiipped ith brakes. Acting on this observation, l have conceived that, the proper remedy liesprimarily .in increasing the longitudinal tractive power rather than in attempting to impose lateral f resistance to the slipping tendency, although the saine devices which perform the former .function may incidentally be capable of re- ;iisting a pure side-skid unaccompanied by forward vmotion. My invention therefore .is primarily a means, auxiliary to the rubber tire, for improving the traction ot' the wheel in a circumferental or longitudinal direction. l have furthermore found it es sential to so devise and arrange my nonskidding grips that they Will be brought into action by the compression of the rubber tire, will possess rigidity in a circuniler ential direction while yielding automatieallv.

under the Weight of the load, and Will etl- Jteetively grip the road surface -ivit-hout binding or cramping under any conditions.

For a clear comprehension of my invention reference should be had to the acconi iiianying drawings, .in which lligure l, is a view in crossseetion of a telly with twin tires mounted. In the center is a view in elevation of the metallic grip with the retaining lngsinthe pocket bushing. Fig. 2, is a View o1 thezfelly in cross-section with one tire in elevation. The grips are in side elevation showing the rib to Strengthen the blade, the trnnuions for anchoring the grips, and the rnlaininglugs. This view also greater tendency to' l i l shows the inet-allie pocket bushing in the. small broken section, at A. Fig. i5, is a plan vieu o't the grip.V Fig. fl, is a View olf the metallic pocket bushing.

The numeral l, is used to designate the telly ot a Wheel with the twin tires 2, '12, mounted thereon.

3, 3, are the telly bands,and 4, el., are the check plates for securing the tires in place.

5, is a telly bolt, and 6, is the spoke ieuou.

T, is the grip with its trunnions l, S, and retaining lugs 9, 9. The blade of the rip is indicated by the numeral l0, and the metallic bushings for anchoring the saine are shown at ll, while 12, is the rubber cushion.

The operation of my invention-is as lolloufsz-The felly of the wheel is channeled and .in the sides of the same are inserted the metallic pocket bushings at equal distances apa-rt. The rubber cushion is then placed in the channel and one of the fellybands is pressed into place. The grips are then as` senibled around the telly, the trunnion entering one hole of the bushing and the re taining lug in the slot of the next bushing being held in place by the felly band covering the openings of the bushings. When the grips are all properly assembled in the inanner described, the other felly band is pressed into place and the wheel is ready it'or the tires. These may be of any type'or pattern desired, as the grips do not touch the tire. lt is readily -seen that as the tires-are conipresscd under load, the blades of the grips come into Contact with the road, and, by means of the rubber cushion, respond resilicntly to the compression of the tire on either side. This action of the grips insures a constant metallic Contact without injury to the roadway or tire and they are not subjected to excessive Wear on a Wet or dry road. As the retaining lugs prevent them from projecting above the face of the tires, the fear necessarily even with that of the tire itsclt'. lt 'is also apparent from the tact that iny'iuvention assists in carrying the load and does not-allow the tire to slip or skid, that. ils use will increase the lite of the tires as well as being a practical means of preventing acci dents and serions damage on wet pavements.

The grips 7, having portions which extend eircun'iferentially and other portions which extend radially, or nearly so, of the Wheel., may be described as substantially l..shaped and as extending: in a general direction circulnferentially of the Wheel. Their lree or' inf.

l L ww acting ends seing sie greater leng h transrer .l their length sirensubstantial distan they enabled :i hard road surface o aoe increase tnetraetion. jeing that is, not project-ing tantialiy flush with, ubstantially beyond, the normal surface o eripiery of the rubber tire, `they operai. 'with very little noise, vibration, orinjury to tlieinselyes or the road pavinff.

My invention is to be distinguished from articulated metallic rubber-tire arniors similar structures which constitute a priniary or en ire tread surface, and 'from i traction Wheels with either positively operated or yielding pivoted members forniing either 'a flat tread-surface `or one with projections which embed themselves iii the roadway. My invention is also distinguished from prior attempts to combine i yieldin' auxiliar Uri s 'with rubber tires in that niy improved grips are pivoted to turn in the plane of the Wheel, extend substantially in a circumferential direction, and exert their tractive eiiect primarily in that direction, Without tending to bind orcrainp under any conditions.

Although I have vsho-Wn twin continuous rubber tires, it will be understood that the rubber tire may be associated with thegrips in a general direition circuinferentially of the Wheel, said gips having their road-enga ging portionl s ibstantially usli with the normal Contour oi periphery of the tire.

' vehicle Wheel, the coinbination with the c iy having a rubber tire,of a series of rigid'yieldingly-supported road grips pivoied to said telly and each extend- Qing from its pivot toward its freeend in a general direction oiroumferentially of the tire, their tree roa inl-engaging ends being relatiyelywnrrow in oircu'nierentiai dires- ,entiei ehanne grips,

1 opposite of said eliannel, substantielly L-sliaped rig` rib L i mounted in saidcna'nnel ano adapted to t1 in the plane the Wheel, one'arm of eac grip extending itWa-rdly toeiree en jacent to tliepsripheral pl l oi the ineens in sa ips. liitl device, the combination of a series of metallic grips, saidl grips bavthe'ir base extending ing on one end of or inovably anehorf trunnions as a means ing the saine, on the other end oef-said base' extending retaining lugs as a ineens lfor iiiniting the action oi' .said grips, elly sands so disposed as to retain grips in po sition, a' means said grips, and a ineens mounting the tires on either side tliereoz, substantially as described and claimed.

5. In a non-skid device', ably mounted metallie ips in a channeled elly and encircling t e same, extended trunnions and retaining lu at either end of said grips, metallio pocket bushings inserted in the sides o' the channel adapt-ed to receive the trunnions of one grip and pro vide sist for movement of the retain-- ing lugs-i n the next grip of the series, elly bands ad cl tofretain the said trunnions 'and retainin'glugs in the pockets of the endless rubber band in the channel under the base of said grips asl a vmeans or' resiliency, and a proyisionfor mounting tires on eitber'side of theresilient substantially as described(l A having a cushion tire nnularly arranged sub- I"rips, each having the arms pivotally c0n and itsother arm extending radially o tWard alongside the tire7 and resilient means orniingia seat for said grips.

In testimomT whereof, I aiix my signature in presence o' two Witnesses. Y

WILLS GRANT MURRAY.

Witnesses lfon'rnnsny GARDNER, n R. C. Yonne.

bushings, an

6. A vehicle Wi and a plurality o stant'ially L-shapefi extremity lo one nected to the Whercpus ot this may 'ne obtained for 'ne eents each, by adiessing the Commissioner of Eatents,

Washington, E. C. i

ia 'chair snpfor resiliency operating under a 4series of mov- 

